Toxicoderma associated with the use of furosemide: case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60103/phc.v26.e862Keywords:
Furosemide; hypersensitivity; toxicodermia; sulfonamidesAbstract
Introduction: Furosemide is a loop diuretic belonging to the sulfonamide group, and its main indication is the treatment of volume overload and edema. Due to its mechanism of action, it can trigger various adverse reactions, one of the least common being toxicoderma or drug-induced dermatosis, which can affect the skin, mucous membranes, or skin appendages. These reactions represent between 1 and 3% of dermatoses in the hospital setting and 2.6% in the outpatient setting. Although their diagnosis is mainly based on clinical criteria, they present a great challenge due to their variable occurrence. They often have a benign and self-limited evolution, lacking etiological specificity in relation to the triggering drug.
Case presentation: A clinical case is described of a male patient who presented with a clinical picture characterized by generalized erythematous, pruritic lesions, associated with bipalpebral and scrotal edema, and a single febrile episode with a maximum temperature of 40°C. These manifestations began after starting treatment with oral furosemide. Paraclinical studies showed a complete blood count with leukocytosis at the expense of eosinophilia and alterations in the liver profile. After discontinuation of the medication, a gradual improvement of symptoms was observed.
Discussion: This case highlights that furosemide, as a sulfonamide-type drug, can induce hypersensitivity reactions. Proper management of these cases, which includes discontinuation of the drug and the use of corticosteroids, is essential to avoid complications. Given that evidence is limited, it is essential to continue documenting similar clinical cases to better understand the safety profile of furosemide.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Dadier Antonio Arroyo, Oswaldo Enrique Ávila Polanco, Daniela Lizeth Acosta Cardozo, Natalia Marcela Balaguera Carvajal, Leonardo Fabio León Marenco, María Angela Castellanos Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Henao Navarro, Orlando Reinoso Gutiérrez, María Isabel Pulgar Emiliani
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